Between July and September 2023, coinciding with the Agropastoral harvest and pastoral lean season, about 2.8 million people in Kenya’s Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) are classified in IPC Phase 3 or above (Crisis or worse). Among them 2.3 million are experiencing Crisis, IPC Phase 3, and nearly 500,000 are in IPC Phase 4, Emergency. Compared to the situation in the last analysis that was conducted in February 2023, there has been an overall improvement. The number of affected individuals has dropped from 4.4 million to 2.8 million people in IPC Phase 3 or above, signifying a positive shift affecting roughly 10 percent of the population. This improvement can be attributed to factors like better seasonal conditions and successful harvests across the ASAL regions. However, a multitude of challenges contributes to the persistence of acute food insecurity at the household level, with one of the most prominent being high staple food prices, exacerbated by increasing inflation. Moreover, the season witnessed significant challenges, including flash floods during the long rains, causing the loss of livestock, damage to infrastructure, property, farmland, and human-wildlife conflict arising from competition for natural resources. 

• Enhance agricultural productivity by implementing efficient measures for pest and disease control to protect crops, delivering comprehensive training in agricultural methods along with the distribution of essential farming inputs, endorsing certified crop seeds to enhance yield and quality and encouraging the adoption of irrigation and post-harvest management techniques. 
• Improve livestock productivity and its associated value chains by endorsing restocking programs, creating livestock insurance systems to address financial uncertainties, ensuring the provision of sufficient and well-balanced livestock feeds with supplemental support, encouraging the growth of pasture production and facilitating water access for enhanced nutrition, and aiding in the development of capacities within beef and dairy value chains to boost output and foster better integration into the market. 
• Establish integrated livestock health and management through the execution of all-encompassing programs for disease surveillance, treatment, pest management, and vaccination. 
• Enhance water infrastructure and access by investing in maintenance and rehabilitation, expand storage capacity through dam and pan desilting, ensuring continuous access through strategic borehole subsidies, and promote water tank installation and harvest in schools and communities. 
• Promote education and children’s nutrition by extending school meals programs for enhanced children’s nutrition, offering school fee bursaries to vulnerable students to improve education access, and implementing school kitchen gardens to facilitate sustainable food production and educational opportunities. 
• Enhance social welfare by sustaining and enlarging safety net initiatives, encompassing food, non-food essentials, and monetary transfers, as well as offering case management services for vulnerable children, including those with disabilities.
• Facilitate conflict resolution by enacting peace-building measures and monitoring conflicts tied to resources, while also arranging routine peace dialogue sessions to effectively address these issues.