Haiti: 4.3 million people facing high acute food insecurity linked to earthquake, tropical storm and political instability

: @UNFPA Haiti

Haiti: 4.3 million people facing high acute food insecurity linked to earthquake, tropical storm and political instability

Overview of the situation

Through February 2022, around 4.3 million people (44% of the population analysed) will experience high levels of acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3 or above) and require urgent assistance. These include over 1.3 million people (14% of the population analysed) in a situation of Emergency (IPC Phase 4) and nearly 3 million people (30% of the population analysed in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). Of the 32 areas analysed in the current situation, five are classified in Emergency (IPC Phase 4), including the central part of the South Department (Sud HT07) and Nippes HT07, the lower North-West (Nord-Ouest HT01), the high plateau (Centre HT03) and the poor and very poor neighbourhoods of Cité Soleil. The rest of the country has been classified in Crisis (IPC Phase 3).
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Vue d'ensemble de la situation

Jusqu’en février 2022, environ 4,3 millions de personnes (44 % de la population analysée) connaîtront des niveaux élevés d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë (phase 3 de l’PC ou plus) et auront besoin d’une aide urgente. Parmi elles, plus de 1,3 million de personnes (14 % de la population analysée) seront en situation d’Urgence (phase 4 de l’IPC) et près de 3 millions de personnes (30 % de la population analysée) seront en situation de Crise (phase 3 de l’IPC). Parmi les 32 zones analysées dans la situation actuelle (septembre 2021 – février 2022), cinq se trouvent en Urgence (phase 4), notamment la partie Centrale du département du sud (Sud HT07) et des Nippes HT07, le bas Nord-Ouest (Nord-Ouest HT01), le haut plateau (Centre HT03) et les quartiers pauvres et très pauvres de Cité-Soleil. Le reste du pays a été classé en Crise (phase 3).
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Actions Needed

Humanitarian Assistance: Given the severity of food insecurity in areas classified in IPC Phase 3 (Crisis) and Phase 4 (Emergency), urgent action is required for the poorest and most affected households to enable them to better meet their immediate food needs and to prevent the development of additional harmful strategies.
Livelihood Support: As vulnerable households have been affected by recurrent shocks in recent years (droughts, cyclones, price increases), there has been an erosion of the livelihoods of affected populations who need support to rebuild and develop their livelihoods and assets. This assistance should include support (inputs, credits, materials....) for the implementation of the 2021 Winter and 2022 Spring campaigns.
Improve strategic response: Given that structural factors (agricultural development, access to basic services, governance, etc.) have a strong influence on household acute food insecurity, it is important to better articulate emergency and development interventions and to rethink intervention strategies in order to have more sustainable and structural effects on household food and nutrition security.

IPC Classification Maps

Population in IPC Phases

Focus on the South

Snapshot

Haiti is the poorest country in the Caribbean and one of the most food insecure in the world, with some 60% of the population living in poverty. The island nation that occupies the western third of Hispaniola, Haiti, is home to some 4.4 million Haitians, or nearly half of the population, facing high levels of acute food insecurity between March and June 2021 [IPC 2020]. The high levels of acute food insecurity have been attributed to economic decline, political instability, poor production and frequent natural disasters such as earthquakes and tropical storms. The island lies on the edge of a large geological plate of rock just below the earth’s surface, called a tectonic plate; when the plate shifts, it can cause an earthquake. In 2010, an earthquake killed more than 200,000 people and caused significant damage to infrastructure and the economy.
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Infographie

Haïti est le pays le plus pauvre des Caraïbes et l’un des plus touchés par l’insécurité alimentaire au niveau mondial, avec quelque 60 % de la population vivant dans la pauvreté. La nation insulaire qui occupe le tiers occidental d’Hispaniola, Haïti, accueille quelque 4,4 millions d’Haïtiens, soit près de la moitié de la population, confrontés à des niveaux élevés d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë entre mars et juin 2021 [IPC 2020]. Les niveaux élevés d’insécurité alimentaire aiguë ont été attribués au déclin économique, à l’instabilité politique, à la mauvaise production et aux fréquentes catastrophes naturelles telles que les tremblements de terre et les tempêtes tropicales. L’île se trouve au bord d’une vaste plaque géologique de roche située juste sous la surface de la terre, appelée plaque tectonique ; lorsque la plaque se déplace, cela peut provoquer un tremblement de terre. En 2010, un tremblement de terre a tué plus de 200 000 personnes et causé d’importants dommages aux infrastructures et à l’économie.
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